White | Neutrals | Earthy Tones | Deep Cool Colour Tones | Multi-colour or Colour Pop
The use of specific colours in spatial design transcends aesthetic appeal, and encompasses a variety of practical, cultural, and psychological implications.
Practically, colour influences productivity, well-being, and overall quality of life within built environments. By selecting colours that enhance visibility and support specific activities, one can optimize spaces for comfort, efficiency, or enjoyment. For instance, natural colours, earth tones, and organic hues create warm and inviting environments that foster connection, community, and well-being, while vibrant colours and playful accents stimulate creativity, innovation, and collaboration within spaces.
Furthermore, in many cultures of the world, colours carry symbolic meanings, have religious connotations, and are strongly linked to specific festivals, rituals and traditions, hence creating deep seeded emotional associations with them. For example, in India, red symbolises prosperity, happiness and fertility and holds immense significance in weddings or other religious celebrations. It is the colour of love, passion and celebration, and immediately evokes a sense of warmth, vibrancy and vitality. Similarly, yellow is seen as the colour of knowledge, enlightenment and spirituality. So depending on the kind of space it is used in, yellow has the power to evoke feelings of optimism and positivity, inspire creativity, or uplift and help foster a sense of spiritual connection.
Colour also has the power to influence physiological responses, circadian rhythms, and overall health within interiors. By integrating colours like white, or using natural earthy tones, one can create a space that promots relaxation, reduces stress, and enhances comfort (ideal for use in libraries, sun rooms, therapeutic spaces, and wellness-focused settings that support physical, emotional, and psychological well-being.) Conversely, one can also use highly contrasting colours to infuse the space with a sense of energy and help create a more bustling environment (useful when designing activity rooms, gyms, community spaces, certain kinds of restaurants, etc.)
Here is a deep dive into five popular colour schemes and the layers of meaning hidden within them:
Theme 1: White
Among the myriad of colour schemes available, white stands as a timeless and versatile choice. Its unmatched adaptability transcends trends, styles, and aesthetics, making it a favourite among designers and homeowners alike.
Symbolically, white stands for purity, simplicity, and sophistication. Another reason that makes it a good choice for those looking for understated yet luxurious design.
Serene white interiors layered with dull greens, natural wood and a touch of fuchsia in the decor at the living room in Mogra, designed by Studio Keystone.
Image Source: Studio Keystone LLP
When used in a balanced manner (used with complementary materials and accent colours), white evokes feelings of serenity and tranquillity, creating an environment that promotes relaxation and peace. But when used on its own, (depending on other factors like the choice of furniture and lights), white can create a sense of cleanliness and order, enhancing the perceived hygiene of a space but in turn giving it a more clinical look. Hence, depending on the space you are using it in and the kind of mood you hope to create, you may find it useful to either layer white with complementary colours like blue, black or natural wood, or use it on its own.
This hair salon in Guadalajara, Mexico, designed by architect Abraham Cota Paredes is a perfect example of how going all white can help make spaces feel larger and more bright, but also give them a slightly clinical ambience. Depending on the usage of the space, and the experience you are looking to create within it, this could work well for you or, be the wrong choice. In this case, the modern and minimal all-white interiors, coupled with the choice of clean lines and geometric forms in the furniture and ceiling accents, give one the impression that this is a no nonsense, edgy and modern salon.
Image Source: Cogley, Bridget (2018) "Abraham Cota Paredes creates stark white interior for hair salon in Mexico". Dezeen: https://www.dezeen.com/2018/01/15/abraham-cota-paredes-creates-stark-white-interior-salon-loccoco-guadalajara-mexico/. As seen on June 15, 2023.
Another advantage of using a white colour scheme in interior design lies in its ability to amplify light (natural/ artificial) and create the illusion of increased spaciousness. This is because white surfaces reflect light, making rooms appear brighter, larger, and more open, hence enhancing the overall sense of space.
White colour schemes are also timeless and extremely versatile or adaptable. They seamlessly integrate with various styles of furniture, textiles, textures, and materials to create cohesive and aesthetically pleasing environments. Whether it's a minimalist modern design, a classic traditional setting, or an eclectic fusion of styles, white serves as a versatile foundation that enhances visual appeal, sophistication, and elegance, standing the test of time and evolving trends.
Theme 2: Neutrals:
Neutral colour schemes are a take on the white scheme we discussed in the last section. Characterized by hues such as whites, beiges, greys, and blacks, neutrals have long captivated interior designers and homeowners alike for their timeless elegance, versatility, and calming effects.
Beyond their aesthetic appeal, neutral colours exude a sense of calmness, serenity, and tranquillity that resonates with the psychological need for “calm” in the busy routines that our modern lifestyles mandate. Soft whites, muted greys, and warm beiges create harmonious and balanced environments that promote relaxation, reflection, and rejuvenation.
Moodboard for a Wabi Sabi style living room currently being designed by Studio Keystone that uses a neutral colour palette to create a timeless and calm oasis for its inhabitants.
Image Source: Studio Keystone LLP
Neutral themes also minimize visual distractions and enhance focus, concentration, and productivity within spaces by reducing visual clutter, distractions, and sensory overload. By creating a neutral backdrop that minimizes distraction and promotes a sense of order, neutral colours enable individuals to concentrate on tasks, activities, and interactions with heightened awareness, efficiency, and engagement. This enhanced focus fosters creativity, innovation, and productivity. And this is why they are our go to choice when designing offices.
Just like a predominantly white colour scheme, neutrals too offer versatility and timelessness and seamlessly integrate with various styles, textures, and materials to create cohesive and aesthetically pleasing environments. A neutral colour scheme is a highly adaptable base which allows people to continually personalize, customize, and transform environments according to changing preferences, needs, and lifestyles. Which in the long run is a big advantage over colour schemes with warm or cool colour dominants!
Theme 3: Earthy Tones
Earthy tones, such as shades of brown, green, beige, and terracotta, evoke a deep connection to nature. These colours resonate with the natural elements of the earth—soil, trees, stones, and minerals. By integrating these hues into your interiors, you invite a sense of grounding and harmony, mimicking the serenity of the outdoors within your indoor spaces.
An earthy library cum dining room designed by Haldon House juxtaposes two tones of natural wood, cane and terracotta and rust to create an effortlessly elegant space that invites you to sink into its warm embrace.
Image Source: Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/haldonhousedesign/
Unlike bold and vibrant colours that can be visually stimulating, earthy hues offer a more warm, subdued and soothing ambiance. This calming effect makes them particularly suitable for spaces where you want a more welcoming and comfortable feel that encourages relaxation and intimate social interaction (like bedrooms, living rooms, and meditation areas where relaxation and peace are paramount.)
Also, one of the most appealing aspects of earthy colour tones for us is their timeless elegance. Unlike trendy colours that come and go with changing seasons, earthy hues have stood the test of time. Their enduring appeal ensures that your interior spaces remain stylish and relevant for years to come, transcending fleeting design trends!
Theme 4: Deep Cool Colour Tones
Cool colours are simply the blues, greens and purple bands in the colour wheel chart. Their hues remind one of a bright blue sky, water, or a lush forest. In the last year, deep green and midnight blue, two rich and luxurious cool hues, have gained prominence for their ability to create captivating and dramatic spaces.
Unlike other cool colours like purple, fuchsia or mint green, these two cool colours have a commanding yet quiet presence, making them ideal choices for creating visual impact and drama within interior spaces. Whether applied to walls, furniture, or accessories, these colours can serve as focal points, drawing attention and adding intrigue to your design scheme.
Deep green is often associated with nature, symbolizing renewal, growth, and vitality. It evokes feelings of rejuvenation and harmony, reminiscent of lush forests and verdant landscapes.
Deep green can be a great colour to use for a home office or study as above as it provides just the right amount of intensity required for focussed work. When working with deep cool colours, we recommend doubling down on natural light by using light and neutral drapes, white or cream ceilings, and complementary materials like wood, cane and brass in the furniture and decor to add depth and layers to the design.
Image Source: Amber Interiors, Shoppe. "The Eva Teak Chair". Shoppe Amber Interior Design: https://shoppe.amberinteriordesign.com/products/eva-teak-chair?variant=16093674668126&epik=dj0yJnU9anA5OW9UeUpKbEVmS3JubWN1UmEyTmFIUVo1aEhFcW0mcD0wJm49UEc0LW96NmdjUVhoeFJyeUpMU253dyZ0PUFBQUFBR1doUW93. As seen on January 1, 2024.
Midnight blue on the other hand exudes a sense of mystery, sophistication, and depth. This deep, rich hue conjures images of the night sky, evoking feelings of introspection, tranquillity, and contemplation.
But while these shades are undeniably captivating, we do recommend keeping in mind some considerations while using them –
Deeper and darker hues can tend to shrink a space. Making it look smaller. So definitely use them for spaces (whether large or small) that you intend to make more intimate or cosy, but refrain from using them if you would like a larger sense of space.
Darker hues can also become very overwhelming when compared to more white or neutral colour palettes. So consider the usage of a space before choosing these colours. We prefer to use them more in public or semi-private spaces like restaurants or sections of offices where we want to elegantly create an element of drama, and also pair them with complementary textures and materials to break the monotony.
Some design styles and aesthetics just do not allow for the use of these colours. E.g. Minimalist Scandinavian or Wabi Sabi design. And switching styles within a project isn’t advisable. So unless you are able to blend two styles harmoniously, we recommend you choose one or the other way, and don’t force fit colours that are untrue to a particular style.
Deep colours are heavy and create a moody atmosphere. As a result, people are more prone to getting bored of them soon. If you’re the kind of person that likes to experiment and keep refreshing their interiors, we definitely recommend giving these shades a try. But if you’re the kind who likes to do things once and do them well, we recommend using these colours only moderately - maybe using a neutral or white base and using a deep green or midnight blue for accent walls, furnishings and artwork.
Theme 5: Multi-colour or Colour Pop
Embracing a multi-colour interior design scheme is a bold choice that makes spaces more dynamic by infusing them with vibrancy and multiple points of visual interest. While monochromatic or limited colour palettes like the ones we explored earlier offer a cohesive look, a multi-colour approach allows for creativity, a high degree of personalisation, and the opportunity to evoke a range of emotions and experiences.
When done right, juxtaposing a mix of colours and patterns that resonate with your preferences and aesthetic vision, can create a space that feels uniquely yours, reflecting your personality, experiences, and passions.
By incorporating different hues, tones, and shades, you can create layers of depth, contrast, and intrigue, making spaces more visually stimulating and engaging. This stimulating environment can be particularly beneficial in creative industries, home offices, or spaces dedicated to artistic pursuits.
Art Deco inspired interiors at Daysie, a casual bar in Bangalore designed by Studio Camarada, use multiple colours in bold hues layered with an array of patterns and motifs. This juxtaposition of colours, textures and patterns comes together harmoniously to infuse the ambience with energy. In this case, the vivacious interiors set the scene for patrons to enjoy fun-filled conversations over a drink, supporting the overarching intent of curating a space that allows people to have a good time, and hence is a good choice.
Image Source (on Left): Mehra, Pallavi (2023). "5 beautiful Art Deco inspired restaurants in India". Photograph by Patil, Shamanth. Architectural Digest: https://www.architecturaldigest.in/story/5-beautiful-art-deco-inspired-restaurants-in-india-bengaluru-mumbai-dining/. As seen on 15 November, 2023.
Image Source (Centre and Right): Daysie: https://daysie.in. As seen on 15 November 2023.
However, juggling multiple colours and textures isn’t as simple as it seems. You run the risk of creating visual overload. This can make it chaotic and overwhelming to be in the space, as your eyes are unable to find anchor elements. And a lack of cohesion and visual hierarchy can detract from the overall design intent and undermine the aesthetic appeal of the space.
Also, a multi-colour palette that heavily relies on current trends or fashionable hues may risk appearing dated or trendy over time. While incorporating trendy colours can infuse spaces with contemporary flair and style, excessive reliance on fleeting trends may result in interiors that feel outdated, disconnected, or lacking timeless appeal as design preferences evolve.
Conclusion
Colour plays a key role in shaping our perception of spaces. If used strategically, it has the power to curate a definitive user experience by either shaping the entire ambiance to evoke specific emotions, or sequentially turn attention to specific focal points to guide and story-tell within a space. So the next time you are designing a space, consider more carefully which colours will promote the experience you intend to create, rather than just going with a popular trend or what looks good in a magazine.
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